What type of water should be used in a steam boiler for optimal performance?

Using soft and treated water in a steam boiler is crucial for optimal performance due to several reasons. Soft water has a low mineral content, which helps prevent the formation of scale or deposits on the boiler's internal surfaces. Scale can restrict the flow of water, reduce heat transfer efficiency, and ultimately lead to operational issues or even boiler failure.

Treated water, specifically, has undergone processes such as filtration, softening, and chemical treatment to ensure it is safe and effective for use in a boiler. This treatment often includes the removal of impurities and the addition of chemicals that control pH levels and prevent corrosion. Both softening and treatment contribute to maintaining the longevity of the boiler and maximizing its efficiency.

In contrast, tap water can contain various minerals, including calcium and magnesium, which can lead to scaling. Saltwater is not suitable for a steam boiler as it can cause corrosion and other damaging effects. Distilled water is very pure and free from minerals, making it safe to use; however, it may lack certain necessary ions that help in the control of pH and corrosion in boiler systems. Therefore, soft and treated water strikes an optimal balance, addressing both purity and the chemical properties needed for effective boiler operation.