What is the basic principle of a Rankine cycle?

The basic principle of a Rankine cycle is that it converts heat energy into mechanical energy using steam. This thermodynamic cycle is fundamental in power generation, particularly in steam power plants.

In a typical Rankine cycle, water is heated in a boiler to produce steam. This steam then expands through a turbine, where it does work by rotating the turbine blades and generating mechanical energy. After passing through the turbine, the steam is condensed back into water in a condenser, and this water is then pumped back to the boiler to continue the cycle. The effectiveness of this cycle stems from its ability to harness heat from various energy sources (like fossil fuels, nuclear, or geothermal) and transform that thermal energy into useful work, which is subsequently converted into electrical energy.

The other options do not accurately describe the Rankine cycle. The first option suggests that the cycle relies on electricity to generate heat, which misrepresents the cycle's purpose of converting heat into mechanical energy rather than relying on electric input. The third option implies that the cycle stores thermal energy, which does not align with its primary function of converting heat into work. Finally, the last option incorrectly asserts that the Rankine cycle operates without any external energy source, as it inherently requires an energy input (